Unless you have been in the home loan market for some time, you may not understand the concept of discount points. The basic explanation of paying discount points is that you are paying some of your interest to the bank in the beginning in order to lower your mortgage payments later on, during the course of the mortgage. When the rate is less, so will the monthly loan payment.
One point refers to a cost equivalent to 1% of the total amount of the loan. If you are obtaining a $200,000 loan, one point would be $2,000 at closing. You can buy more than one point and lower your loan rate proportionately.
As anyone who has been shopping for a loan knows, the credit score determines the loan rate, and then the point reduction is taken off this rate. For example, if the original rate quote is 6%, according to your credit score, ask how much it will be if you are willing to pay any points. Each bank has its own way of figuring this, but they fall within the same scope, and the norm is that 1 point lowers a fixed rate mortgage by .25% and an adjustable rate mortgage by .375%. In the case of your $200,000 home loan that you are willing to pay $2,000 for one point, your loan would then be reduced to 5.75% for a fixed rate loan and 5.625% for an adjustable rate loan.
If you inquire about a mortgage rate, you will most likely see the rate quoted with the points. So, if you are given a 6% rate, next to it will be the quotes for 1 point, 2 points, etc. Next you may see 7%, with the appropriate rate reductions per point, and so on for each rate. So it is important to realize what the rate you will pay without points is in order to find the rate you will pay with points.
Obviously, your mortgage payment is going to be lower on a loan with 5.75% or 5.625% than it would be on a loan with a 6% rate. This sounds like it would always be a worthwhile investment, but you have to keep in mind that you are basically paying interest up front. This is why it is important to look at points with a view to how long you think you’ll be living in the house. In other words, you need to amortize the payment amount for the points over how long you plan to have the loan.
Points are often used as a sales technique, since homeowners will have a lower payment and will pay more for the house. This is why you may see homes advertised with a notice that the seller is offering to pay points. But this shouldn’t change the initial calculations, because the price of the home will reflect the seller’s contribution.
There is no obligation on the part of the buyer to pay points. It’s a decision that a buyer can examine depending on many of the other factors in the loan.